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Biology

Overview Degrees/Certificates Courses

What do Ebola, hemophilia, DNA fingerprinting, sequoias, cuttlefish, intertidal zones, and global climate change have in common? These are a few examples of the diverse topics that are explored in Biology, which is the scientific study of living organisms including their structure, function, evolution, and interactions with other organisms and with the environment. The CRC Biology Department offers a variety of courses that are organized into the following three areas:

Clinically related courses for students pursuing careers in nursing and allied health (BIOL 100, 102, 430, 431, 439 and 440)
The first two years of a Biology major for those transferring to Bachelor Degree programs in fields related to the life sciences (BIOL 400, 410, and 420)
General education courses for non-science majors who want to gain an understanding of the biological world (BIOL 300, 307, 308, 309, 310, 342, 350, 352, 390 and 485)

Students who transfer to four-year universities report a very high level of satisfaction with the education they received at CRC.

Degrees Offered

A.S.-T. in Biology
A.S. in Biology: Pre-Nursing Option
A.S. in Biology
A.S. in General Science

Dean Banafsheh Amini
Department Chair Jason Patterson
Phone (916) 691-7204
Email patterj2@crc.losrios.edu

Associate Degrees for Transfer

A.S.-T. in Biology

The Associate in Science in Biology for Transfer Degree is designed to prepare students for a seamless transfer into the CSU system to complete a baccalaureate degree in Biology or a similar major. Students with this degree will receive priority admission with junior status to the California State University system. The Associate in Science in Biology for Transfer is comprised of lower division coursework typically required by CSU institutions. Students must complete the following Associate Degree for Transfer requirements (Pursuant to SB1440, §66746):

• Completion of 60 semester units or 90 quarter units that are eligible for transfer to the California State University.

• The Intersegmental General Education Transfer Curriculum (IGETC) pattern.

• A minimum of 18 semester units or 27 quarter units in a major or area of emphasis, as determined by the community college district.

• Obtainment of a minimum grade point average of 2.0.

• A grade of “C” (or “P”) or better in all courses required for the major.

Completion of the AS-T degree may not prepare students to transfer to University of California biology programs that may have different requirements. If a student intends to transfer to University of California, additional courses in chemistry, physics, and math may be required.

Note to Transfer Students:

The Associate Degree for Transfer program is designed for students who plan to transfer to a campus of the California State University (CSU). Other than the required core, the courses you choose to complete this degree will depend to some extent on the selected CSU for transfer. In addition, some IGETC requirements can also be completed using courses required for this associate degree for transfer major (known as “double-counting”). Meeting with a counselor to determine the most appropriate course choices will facilitate efficient completion of a student’s transfer requirements. For students wishing to transfer to other universities (UC System, private, or out-of-state), the Associate Degree for Transfer may not provide adequate preparation for upper-division transfer admissions, because many universities require more lower division courses than those in this degree. Even the CSU's that accept this transfer degree may likely require additional lower division courses to achieve the Bachelor degree. It is critical that students meet with a CRC counselor to select and plan the courses for the major, as programs vary widely in terms of the required preparation.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2024

Degree Requirements

Course Code	Course Title	Units
BIOL 400	Principles of Biology	5
BIOL 410	Principles of Botany	5
BIOL 420	Principles of Zoology	5
CHEM 400	General Chemistry I	5
CHEM 401	General Chemistry II	5
MATH 355	Calculus for Biology and Medicine I (4)	4 - 5
or MATH 400	Calculus I (5)
PHYS 350	General Physics	4
PHYS 360	General Physics	4
Total Units:		37 - 38

The Associate in Science in Biology for Transfer (AS-T) degree may be obtained by completion of 60 transferable, semester units with a minimum 2.0 GPA, including (a) the major or area of emphasis described in the Required Program, and (b) the Intersegmental General Education Transfer Curriculum for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (IGETC for STEM).

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

PSLO 1: DEMONSTRATE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESSES OF SCIENCE, THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD, AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHED KNOWLEDGE. This includes the ability to:
Elucidate the way in which research leads to generally accepted conclusions and the integration of new research data with the building of a body of scientific knowledge.
Recognize that the information presented in science textbooks and other established “authorities” is the result of research conducted in the field or the lab and is based on an accumulation of data.
Design a scientific inquiry, including use of proper controls and analyses.
Demonstrate critical thinking skills by the analysis of data sets, recognition of the implications of perturbations to biological systems, and synthesis of information to draw conclusions.
PSLO 2: EXPRESS ONE'S SELF CLEARLY WHEN WRITING OR SPEAKING ABOUT BIOLOGY, DEMONSTRATING KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC BIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY AND UNDERSTANDING OF MAJOR BIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS. This includes the ability to produce:
Laboratory reports which address background information, procedures, results, and analysis of data developed during a laboratory exercise or inquiry project.
Essays explaining biological processes in clear and concise terms.
Reports and term papers which clearly explain biological processes and elucidate current theories explaining biological phenomena.
PSLO 3: DEMONSTRATE BOTH CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND TEST TAKING SKILLS WHEN COMPLETING ESSAY, OBJECTIVE, AND MULTIPLE CHOICE EXAMS. This includes the ability to:
Demonstrate problem-solving abilities in the major content areas of biology including cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and evolution.
Analyze the logic of a multiple-choice question about biology and select the correct response from among related items.
Write clear responses to essay question prompts without including extraneous information or omitting information necessary to provide a clear answer.
Utilize test-taking skills such as critical analysis of information, test-time management and focused writing.
Demonstrate content knowledge in the broad areas of biology including cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and evolution.
PSLO 4: CHOOSE AND UTILIZE APPROPRIATE LABORATORY TECHNIQUES PROFICIENTLY. Biology majors' lab techniques include:
Measurement (use of metric measures)
Microscopy
Pipetting
Gel electrophoresis
Dissection
Basic biochemical techniques such as pH testing, Biuret test, Benedict’s test, etc.
Ability to design a laboratory experiment, including the use of adequate controls and choice of analyses used to examine data, etc. Additional laboratory techniques relevant to biology majors can be found in the SLOs for the chemistry and physics courses required for this major.
PSLO 5: EVALUATE BIOLOGICAL DATA, DRAW REASONABLE CONCLUSIONS, RECOGNIZE THE ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THESE CONCLUSIONS, AND APPLY THESE CONCLUSIONS TO PERSONAL, COMMUNITY, AND SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS. This includes the ability to:
Choose what data to collect in order to address a specific hypothesis.
Collect data and keep organized records.
Conduct basic graphical and statistical analysis of data.
Reach and clearly express logical conclusions based on biological data.
Relate, in presentations and/or in written reports, how biological information is relevant to personal and community issues.
Recognize the ethical implications of biological research and the responsibility to use knowledge wisely.
PSLO 6: EMPLOY INFORMATION-GATHERING TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE BIOLOGICAL IDEAS. This includes the ability to:
Use the Internet in order to gather scientific information, including the ability to recognize the relevance and scientific validity (or lack thereof) of information when found.
Use the library in order to gather scientific information, including the ability to recognize the relevance and scientific validity (or lack thereof) of information when found.

Career Information

Research, Teaching, or Industrial Laboratory Careers in Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Genetics, Wildlife Biology, Marine Biology, Pharmacy, Nutrition, Medicine, Dentistry, Veterinary, Optometry, etc. Some career options require more than two years of college study. Classes beyond the associate degree may be required for some career options or to fully prepare students for transfer to a university program.

Associate Degrees

A.S. in Biology: Pre-Nursing Option

CRC's Biology, Pre-nursing option offers courses which satisfy general education requirements in Life Sciences, are prerequisites for a degree in Veterinary Technology, Medical Assisting, Health Information Technology, and Nursing, and prepare students for transfer opportunities to four-year programs in nursing, physical therapy, and programs leading to careers in allied health fields.

Highlights of the program include:

* Extensive laboratory experience

* Day and evening sections of pre-nursing classes

* A friendly faculty who have studied biology in diverse environments

* A Mathematics, Engineering and Science Achievement (MESA) program

Note: This degree is designed for students intending to transfer to a nursing program at a 4-year college or university. It does not prepare the student for immediate employment as a nurse. Students earning a nursing degree will need to complete several lower division nursing classes after transferring.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2024

Degree Requirements

Course Code	Course Title	Units
BIOL 440	General Microbiology	4
BIOL 430	Anatomy and Physiology	5
BIOL 431	Anatomy and Physiology	5
CHEM 305	Introduction to Chemistry	5
NUTRI 300	Nutrition	3
FCS 324	Human Development: A Life Span	3
PSYC 300	General Principles (3)	3
Total Units:		28

The Biology: Pre-Nursing Option Associate in Science (A.S.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, plus general education requirements, plus sufficient electives to meet a 60-unit total. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

PSLO 1: DEMONSTRATE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESSES OF SCIENCE, THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD, AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHED KNOWLEDGE. This includes the ability to:
Elucidate the way in which research leads to generally accepted conclusions and the integration of new research data with the building of a body of scientific knowledge.
Recognize that the information presented in science textbooks and other established “authorities” is the result of research conducted in the field or the lab and is based on an accumulation of data.
Design a scientific inquiry, including use of proper controls and analyses.
Demonstrate critical thinking skills by the analysis of data sets, recognition of the implications of perturbations to biological systems, and synthesis of information to draw conclusions.
PSLO 2: EXPRESS THEMSELVES CLEARLY WHEN WRITING OR SPEAKING ABOUT BIOLOGY, DEMONSTRATING KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC BIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY AND UNDERSTANDING OF MAJOR BIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS. This includes the ability to produce:
Laboratory reports which address background information, procedures, results, and analysis of data developed during a laboratory exercise or inquiry project.
Essays explaining biological processes in clear and concise terms.
Reports and term papers which clearly explain biological processes and elucidate current theories explaining biological phenomena.
PSLO 3: DEMONSTRATE BOTH CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND TEST TAKING SKILLS WHEN COMPLETING ESSAY, OBJECTIVE, AND MULTIPLE CHOICE EXAMS. This includes the ability to:
Demonstrate problem-solving abilities in the major content areas of biology including cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and evolution.
Analyze the logic of a multiple-choice question about biology and select the correct response from among related items.
Write clear responses to essay question prompts without including extraneous information or omitting information necessary to provide a clear answer.
Utilize test-taking skills such as critical analysis of information, test-time management and focused writing.
Demonstrate content knowledge in the broad areas of biology including cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and evolution.
PSLO 4: USE APPROPRIATE LABORATORY TECHNIQUES PROFICIENTLY. Pre-nursing majors' lab techniques include:
Measurement (use of metric measures).
Microscopy (including histology).
Identification of unknown microorganisms.
Staining of bacteria.
Use of equipment used to gather physiological data on humans.
Additional laboratory techniques relevant to pre-nursing majors can be found in the SLOs for the chemistry courses required for this career option.
PSLO 5: EVALUATE BIOLOGICAL DATA, DRAW REASONABLE CONCLUSIONS, RECOGNIZE THE ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THESE CONCLUSIONS, AND APPLY THESE CONCLUSIONS TO PERSONAL, COMMUNITY, AND SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS. This includes the ability to:
Choose what data to collect in order to address a specific hypothesis.
Collect data and keep organized records.
Conduct basic graphical and statistical analysis of data.
Reach and clearly express logical conclusions based on biological data.
Relate, in presentations and/or in written reports, how biological information is relevant to personal and community issues.
Recognize the ethical implications of biological research and the responsibility to use knowledge wisely.
PSLO 6: EMPLOY INFORMATION-GATHERING TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE IDEAS. This includes the ability to:
Use the Internet in order to gather scientific information, including the ability to recognize the relevance and scientific validity (or lack thereof) of information when found.
Use the library in order to gather scientific information, including the ability to recognize the relevance and scientific validity (or lack thereof) of information when found.

Career Information

Nursing, Physician's Assistant, Physical Therapy, etc. Some career options require more than two years of college study. Classes beyond the associate degree may be required for some career options or to fully prepare students for transfer to a university program.

A.S. in Biology

What do antibiotic resistance, hemophilia, DNA fingerprinting, sequoias, cuttlefish, intertidal zones, and global climate change have in common? These are a few examples of the diverse topics that are explored in biology, which is the scientific study of living organisms including their structure, function, evolution, and interactions with other organisms and with the environment.

Highlights of the program include:

• Extensive hands-on learning approach in laboratory courses that provide students with opportunities to use modern equipment and techniques.

• Small class sizes taught by enthusiastic biology professors who set high standards but who demonstrate how to achieve those standards.

• A high level of satisfaction with the education received at CRC is reported by students who transfer to 4-year universities.

• A Mathematics, Engineering and Science Achievement (MESA) program to help students develop academic and leadership skills.

Note to Transfer Students:

This degree is intended to prepare students for transfer to a University of California campus or other four-year institutions. It is critical that you meet with a counselor from your desired transfer institution to select and plan the courses for your major. Some UC programs may require calculus-based (not trigonometry based) physics with lab before graduation. Additionally, some UC programs may require statistics prior to graduation.

Colleges and universities vary widely in their requirements for degrees. The courses that CRC requires for an Associate’s degree may be different from the requirements for a Bachelor’s degree. Therefore, you are strongly encouraged to meet with both a CRC counselor and a counselor from your desired transfer institution in order to understand the lower division requirements for the program at the college or university you plan to attend.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2024

Degree Requirements

Course Code	Course Title	Units
BIOL 400	Principles of Biology	5
BIOL 410	Principles of Botany	5
BIOL 420	Principles of Zoology	5
CHEM 400	General Chemistry I	5
CHEM 401	General Chemistry II	5
CHEM 420	Organic Chemistry I	5
CHEM 421	Organic Chemistry II	5
		0 - 10

or [ MATH 355	Calculus for Biology and Medicine I (4)
and MATH 356 ]]	Calculus for Biology and Medicine II (4)
or [ MATH 400	Calculus I (5)
and MATH 401 ]	Calculus II (5)
Total Units:		35 - 45

The Biology Associate in Science (A.S.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, plus general education requirements, plus sufficient electives to meet a 60-unit total. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

DEMONSTRATE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESSES OF SCIENCE, THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD, AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHED KNOWLEDGE. (PSLO 1)
Elucidate the way in which research leads to generally accepted conclusions and the integration of new research data with the building of a body of scientific knowledge.
Recognize that the information presented in science textbooks and other established “authorities” is the result of research conducted in the field or the lab and is based on an accumulation of data.
Design a scientific inquiry, including use of proper controls and analyses.
Demonstrate critical thinking skills by the analysis of data sets, recognition of the implications of perturbations to biological systems, and synthesis of information to draw conclusions.
EXPRESS ONE'S SELF CLEARLY WHEN WRITING OR SPEAKING ABOUT BIOLOGY, DEMONSTRATING KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC BIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY AND UNDERSTANDING OF MAJOR BIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS. (PSLO 2)
Produce laboratory reports which address background information, procedures, results, and analysis of data developed during a laboratory exercise or inquiry project.
Produce essays explaining biological processes in clear and concise terms.
Produce reports and term papers which clearly explain biological processes and elucidate current theories explaining biological phenomena.
DEMONSTRATE BOTH CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND TEST TAKING SKILLS WHEN COMPLETING ESSAY, OBJECTIVE, AND MULTIPLE CHOICE EXAMS. (PSLO 3)
Demonstrate problem-solving abilities in the major content areas of biology including cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and evolution.
Analyze the logic of a multiple-choice question about biology and select the correct response from among related items.
Write clear responses to essay question prompts without including extraneous information or omitting information necessary to provide a clear answer.
Utilize test-taking skills such as critical analysis of information, test-time management and focused writing.
Demonstrate content knowledge in the broad areas of biology including cell biology, anatomy, physiology, genetics, ecology, and evolution.
CHOOSE AND UTILIZE APPROPRIATE LABORATORY TECHNIQUES PROFICIENTLY. (PSLO 4)
Demonstrate proficient use of measurement (use of metric measures).
Demonstrate proficient use of microscopy.
Demonstrate proficient use of pipetting.
Demonstrate proficient use of gel electrophoresis.
Demonstrate proficient use of dissection.
Demonstrate proficient use of basic biochemical techniques such as pH testing, Biuret test, Benedict’s test, etc.
Demonstrate the ability to design a laboratory experiment, including the use of adequate controls and choice of analyses used to examine data, etc.
EVALUATE BIOLOGICAL DATA, DRAW REASONABLE CONCLUSIONS, RECOGNIZE THE ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THESE CONCLUSIONS, AND APPLY THESE CONCLUSIONS TO PERSONAL, COMMUNITY, AND SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS. (PSLO 5)
Choose what data to collect in order to address a specific hypothesis.
Collect data and keep organized records.
Conduct basic graphical and statistical analysis of data.
Reach and clearly express logical conclusions based on biological data.
Relate, in presentations and/or in written reports, how biological information is relevant to personal and community issues.
Recognize the ethical implications of biological research and the responsibility to use knowledge wisely.
EMPLOY INFORMATION-GATHERING TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE BIOLOGICAL IDEAS. (PSLO 6)
Use the Internet in order to gather scientific information, including the ability to recognize the relevance and scientific validity (or lack thereof) of information when found.
Use the library in order to gather scientific information, including the ability to recognize the relevance and scientific validity (or lack thereof) of information when found.

Career Information

Research, Teaching, or Industrial Laboratory Careers in Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Genetics, Wildlife Biology, Marine Biology, Pharmacy, Nutrition, Medicine, Dentistry, Veterinary, Optometry, etc. These career options require more than two years of college study. Classes beyond the associate degree may be required for career options or to fully prepare students for transfer to a university program.

A.S. in General Science

Areas of Study include:

• Biological Anthropology

• Astronomy

• Biology

• Chemistry

• Engineering

• Physical Geography

• Geology

• Physics

Eighteen (18) units of transfer-level course work in science are required. Two laboratory courses must be included: one in the physical sciences and one in the biological sciences. Courses may be selected from astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, physical geography, biological anthropology, and physics. The student, in consultation with a counselor, should choose science courses to meet their program, transfer, or general education requirements.

Students interested in transferring to a four-year university with a science major are encouraged to complete a science AS or AS-T degree such as Anthropology, Biology, Chemistry, Engineering, Geography, Geology, or Physics. This General Science degree may not include the majors-level transfer courses needed for many science majors. Students are strongly recommended to see a counselor for guidance.

Catalog Date: August 1, 2024

Degree Requirements

Course Code	Course Title	Units
Life Science with Lab :
A minimum of 4 units from the following:		4
ANTH 300	Biological Anthropology (3)
and ANTH 301	Biological Anthropology Laboratory (1)
ANTH 480	Honors Biological Anthropology (3)
and ANTH 482	Honors Biological Anthropology Laboratory (1)
BIOL 308	Contemporary Biology (3)
and BIOL 309	Contemporary Biology Laboratory (1)
BIOL 400	Principles of Biology (5)
BIOL 410	Principles of Botany (5)
BIOL 420	Principles of Zoology (5)
BIOL 430	Anatomy and Physiology (5)
BIOL 431	Anatomy and Physiology (5)
BIOL 440	General Microbiology (4)
HONOR 387	Biological Anthropology Laboratory-Honors (1)
and HONOR 386	Biological Anthropology-Honors (3)
Physical Science with Lab:
A minimum of 3 units from the following:		3
ASTR 300	Introduction to Astronomy (3)
and ASTR 400	Astronomy Laboratory (1)
CHEM 300	Beginning Chemistry (4)
CHEM 305	Introduction to Chemistry (5)
CHEM 306	Introduction to Organic and Biological Chemistry (5)
CHEM 309	Integrated General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (5)
CHEM 400	General Chemistry I (5)
CHEM 401	General Chemistry II (5)
CHEM 420	Organic Chemistry I (5)
CHEM 421	Organic Chemistry II (5)
GEOG 300	Physical Geography: Exploring Earth's Environmental Systems (3)
and GEOG 301	Physical Geography Laboratory (1)
GEOL 300	Physical Geology (3)
and GEOL 301	Physical Geology Laboratory (1)
GEOL 305	Earth Science (3)
and GEOL 306	Earth Science Laboratory (1)
GEOL 310	Historical Geology (3)
and GEOL 311	Historical Geology Laboratory (1)
ENGR 304	How Things Work (3)
PHYS 350	General Physics (4)
PHYS 360	General Physics (4)
PHYS 370	Introductory Physics - Mechanics and Thermodynamics (5)
PHYS 380	Introductory Physics - Electricity and Magnetism, Light and Modern Physics (5)
PHYS 411	Mechanics of Solids and Fluids (4)
PHYS 421	Electricity and Magnetism (4)
PHYS 431	Heat, Waves, Light and Modern Physics (4)
Additional Science Courses :
A minimum of 11 units from the following:		11¹
ANTH 300	Biological Anthropology (3)
ANTH 301	Biological Anthropology Laboratory (1)
ANTH 480	Honors Biological Anthropology (3)
ANTH 482	Honors Biological Anthropology Laboratory (1)
ASTR 300	Introduction to Astronomy (3)
ASTR 400	Astronomy Laboratory (1)
BIOL 308	Contemporary Biology (3)
BIOL 309	Contemporary Biology Laboratory (1)
BIOL 342	The New Plagues: New and Ancient Infectious Diseases Threatening World Health (3)
BIOL 350	Environmental Biology (3)
BIOL 352	Conservation Biology (3)
BIOL 400	Principles of Biology (5)
BIOL 410	Principles of Botany (5)
BIOL 420	Principles of Zoology (5)
BIOL 430	Anatomy and Physiology (5)
BIOL 431	Anatomy and Physiology (5)
BIOL 440	General Microbiology (4)
CHEM 300	Beginning Chemistry (4)
CHEM 305	Introduction to Chemistry (5)
CHEM 306	Introduction to Organic and Biological Chemistry (5)
CHEM 309	Integrated General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (5)
CHEM 400	General Chemistry I (5)
CHEM 401	General Chemistry II (5)
CHEM 420	Organic Chemistry I (5)
CHEM 421	Organic Chemistry II (5)
ENGR 304	How Things Work (3)
GEOG 300	Physical Geography: Exploring Earth's Environmental Systems (3)
GEOG 301	Physical Geography Laboratory (1)
GEOG 305	Global Climate Change (3)
GEOG 306	Weather and Climate (3)
GEOL 300	Physical Geology (3)
GEOL 301	Physical Geology Laboratory (1)
GEOL 305	Earth Science (3)
GEOL 306	Earth Science Laboratory (1)
GEOL 310	Historical Geology (3)
GEOL 311	Historical Geology Laboratory (1)
GEOL 330	Introduction to Oceanography (3)
GEOL 390	Field Studies in Geology (1 - 4)
HONOR 386	Biological Anthropology-Honors (3)
HONOR 387	Biological Anthropology Laboratory-Honors (1)
PHYS 310	Conceptual Physics (3)
PHYS 350	General Physics (4)
PHYS 360	General Physics (4)
PHYS 370	Introductory Physics - Mechanics and Thermodynamics (5)
PHYS 380	Introductory Physics - Electricity and Magnetism, Light and Modern Physics (5)
PHYS 411	Mechanics of Solids and Fluids (4)
PHYS 421	Electricity and Magnetism (4)
PHYS 431	Heat, Waves, Light and Modern Physics (4)
Total Units:		18

¹Courses used in A or B above will not count towards C, except units exceeding the 4 or 3 unit minimum in A and B. For example, a student completing the 5 unit CHEM 309 under B could apply 2 of those units towards C. A total of 18 science units is required.

The General Science Associate in Science (A.S.) degree may be obtained by completion of the required program, plus general education requirements, plus sufficient electives to meet a 60-unit total. See CRC graduation requirements.

Student Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this program, the student will be able to:

explain the core perspectives of the scientific method and apply it to at least one scientific discipline. (PSLO 1)
solve introductory problems of a conceptual and/or numerical nature of at least one scientific discipline. (PSLO 2)
accurately apply the basic vocabulary and concepts of at least one scientific discipline verbally and in writing. (PSLO 3)
recognize the use and misuse of scientific concepts in society including politics and the media. (PSLO 4)

Biology (BIOL) Courses

BIOL 100 Introduction to Concepts of Human Anatomy and Physiology

Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
General Education:AA/AS Area IV
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This introductory course provides an overview of the basic anatomy and physiology of all body systems. It is designed as a non-transferable course for the Medical Assisting Programs and other related programs, and may be useful for other health-related technologies and for strengthening or developing a vocabulary in human anatomy and physiology.

BIOL 102 Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

Units:4
Hours:54 hours LEC; 54 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
General Education:AA/AS Area IV
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This introductory course provides an overview of the basic anatomy and physiology of all body systems. It is designed as a non-transferable course and meets the minimum requirements for Medical Assisting, Health Information Technology, Emergency Medical Technician, Pharmacy Technology, Licensed Vocational Nursing, and other health-related technologies. It is also useful for strengthening or developing a vocabulary in human anatomy and physiology.

BIOL 295 Independent Studies in Biology

Units:1 - 3
Hours:54 - 162 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

An independent studies project involves an individual student or small group of students in study, research, or activities beyond the scope of regularly offered courses. See the current catalog section of "Special Studies" for full details of Independent Studies.

BIOL 299 Experimental Offering in Biology

Units:0.5 - 4
Prerequisite:None.
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This is the experimental courses description.

BIOL 300 The Foundations of Biology

Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC (Transfer Credit Limitations: 1) BIOL 300, 307, 308, and 310 combined: maximum transfer credit is one course; 2) No credit for BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308 or BIOL 310 if taken after BIOL 400, BIOL 420, BIOL 430 or BIOL 431)
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course is a survey of major topics in the biological sciences for the non-science major with an emphasis on human biology. Units covered include cell structure and chemistry, metabolism, Mendelian and molecular genetics, genetic engineering, anatomy and physiology of humans, evolution, and ecology. Students interested in a general elective biology course are strongly advised to take either BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308, or BIOL 310 since some transfer institutions will provide credit for only one of the four courses. 300-level biology courses may not be accepted by your transfer institution if taken after a 400-level biology course.

BIOL 307 Biology of Organisms

Units:4
Hours:54 hours LEC; 54 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC (Transfer Credit Limitations: 1) BIOL 300, 307, 308, and 310 combined: maximum transfer credit is one course; 2) No credit for BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308 or BIOL 310 if taken after BIOL 400, BIOL 420, BIOL 430 or BIOL 431)
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This is a general biology course focusing on a survey of the plant and animal kingdoms with an emphasis on evolution and biodiversity. The course covers the general principles of biology including: methods of science, cell organization, genetics, evolution, ecology, biodiversity, and anatomy. These principles are explored in more depth through the examination of additional topics which may include: disease and epidemiology, physiological ecology, biotechnology, population growth and regulation, ecosystem ecology, and conservation biology. The course is designed for non-science majors and is especially useful for liberal studies, elementary education, environmental studies, recreation, and similar majors. Students interested in a general elective biology course are strongly advised to take either BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308, or BIOL 310 since some transfer institutions will provide credit for only one of the four courses. 300-level biology courses may not be accepted by your transfer institution if taken after a 400-level biology course.

BIOL 308 Contemporary Biology

Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:ESLR 320 and ESLW 310, OR ESL 325 with a grade of C or better; OR eligibility for ENGRD 310 AND ENGWR 101.
Transferable:CSU; UC (Transfer Credit Limitations: 1) BIOL 300, 307, 308, and 310 combined: maximum transfer credit is one course; 2) No credit for BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308 or BIOL 310 if taken after BIOL 400, BIOL 420, BIOL 430 or BIOL 431)
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; IGETC Area 5B
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course is a survey of biological science intended to equip the student to think and act intelligently with respect to contemporary issues in biology. Biological topics are introduced in a framework of natural selection. The course is for those not intending to major in biological sciences, particularly liberal studies majors. Genetics is a significant focus of the course, as are origin of cellular life, cellular physiology, and diversity of organisms. An optional laboratory illustrating these introduced principles is offered as a separate, one-unit course (Biol 309).

BIOL 309 Contemporary Biology Laboratory

Units:1
Hours:54 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Corequisite:BIOL 308; BIOL 308 may be taken during a previous semester. Grade of "C" or better required if taken previously.
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300 or completion of ESL 130 with a "C" or better.
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5C
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course is an optional laboratory accompaniment to BIOL 308. The sessions will illustrate biological phenomena and their relationship to contemporary concerns and discoveries in biology.

BIOL 310 General Biology

Units:4
Hours:54 hours LEC; 54 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC (TTransfer Credit Limitations: 1) BIOL 300, 307, 308, and 310 combined: maximum transfer credit is one course; 2) No credit for BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308 or BIOL 310 if taken after BIOL 400, BIOL 420, BIOL 430 or BIOL 431)
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This is a survey of biological science with an emphasis on human biology. This course is intended for non-science majors. Topics covered include scientific inquiry, cell structure, transmission and molecular genetics, major organ systems, evolution, and ecology. Major biological principles are explored in each topic, but an emphasis is placed on human issues. The laboratory activities are designed to further investigate and illuminate each topic area. Students interested in a general elective biology course are strongly advised to take either BIOL 300, BIOL 307, BIOL 308, or BIOL 310 since some transfer institutions will provide credit for only one of the four courses. 300-level biology courses may not be accepted by your transfer institution if taken after a 400-level biology course.

BIOL 342 The New Plagues: New and Ancient Infectious Diseases Threatening World Health

Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:ENGRD 312 and ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; IGETC Area 5B
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course will cover general biological concepts and the epidemiology and pathology of selected pathogens such as prions, viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and helminthes threatening public health on a global scale. The course explores the influence of human behavior and activities on the emergence of new infectious agents and the re-emergence of ancient plagues.

BIOL 350 Environmental Biology

Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:ENGRD 312; or equivalent skills demonstrated through the assessment process.
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; IGETC Area 5B
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course provides an overview of ecosystems and natural resources. Major topics covered include ecological principles, ecosystem functioning, conservation biology, resource use and management, pollution and other human-caused environmental impacts. This course provides the background needed to understand major global and regional issues such as acid rain, global warming, hazardous waste disposal, deforestation and endangered species recovery. This course is especially useful for Environmental Science, Ecology, Recreation, and Political Science majors. Field trips, attendance at public meetings and/or a semester project may be required.

BIOL 352 Conservation Biology

Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; IGETC Area 5B
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This introductory course covers biological and ecological principles involved in understanding and analyzing environmental problems and exploring scientifically sound conservation techniques. Major topics include the nature of science, basic principles of ecology, genetics and evolution, patterns of biodiversity and extinction, and the interdependence between humans and our environment. This course places emphasis on scientific processes and methodology and the application of science to conservation issues. Field trips and/or a semester project may be required.

BIOL 400 Principles of Biology

Units:5
Hours:54 hours LEC; 108 hours LAB
Prerequisite:Chem 400 OR Chem 305 with a grade of "C" or better AND Intermediate Algebra (or equivalent in high school) or higher with a C or better or eligibility for transfer-level mathematics.
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC (1) No credit for BIOL 300 or 307 if taken after BIOL 400, 420, 430, or 431; 2) No credit for BIOL 310 if taken after BIOL 400; 3) No transfer credit for BIOL 462, if taken after BIOL 400)
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5B; IGETC Area 5C
C-ID:C-ID BIOL 190; Part of C-ID BIOL 135S
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course introduces universal biological principles, including biological molecules, enzymes, cell structure and function, biochemistry, Mendelian and molecular genetics, ecology and evolution. BIOL 400 is recommended for science majors and students in pre-professional programs.

BIOL 410 Principles of Botany

Units:5
Hours:54 hours LEC; 108 hours LAB
Prerequisite:BIOL 400 with a grade of "C" or better
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5B; IGETC Area 5C
C-ID:C-ID BIOL 155; Part of C-ID BIOL 130S; Part of C-ID BIOL 135S
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course is intended for science majors and builds upon and applies concepts developed in cell and molecular biology (BIOL 400). This is an introduction to the diversity, taxonomy, life cycles, and evolutionary trends of cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, and plants. Emphasis is on the comparative anatomy, morphology, physiology, development, systematics, evolution, and ecology of plants. Field trips may be required.

BIOL 420 Principles of Zoology

Units:5
Hours:54 hours LEC; 108 hours LAB
Prerequisite:BIOL 400 with a grade of "C" or better
Advisory:Eligibility for ENGWR 300
Transferable:CSU; UC (1) No credit for BIOL 300 and 307 if taken after BIOL 400, 420, 430, or 431 )
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5B; IGETC Area 5C
C-ID:C-ID BIOL 150; Part of C-ID BIOL 130S; Part of C-ID BIOL 135S
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course is an introduction to zoology with particular emphasis on comparative anatomy and physiology of vertebrates and invertebrates. The basic principles of evolution, taxonomy, embryology, morphology, physiology, behavior and ecology will be covered. A field trip may be required.

BIOL 430 Anatomy and Physiology

Units:5
Hours:54 hours LEC; 108 hours LAB
Prerequisite:CHEM 305, 309, or 400 with a grade of "C" or better
Transferable:CSU; UC (Transfer Credit Limitations: No credit for BIOL 300 and 307 if taken after BIOL 400, 420, 430, or 431)
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5B; IGETC Area 5C
C-ID:Part of C-ID BIOL 115S
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This is the first course in a two-course sequence. It is an introductory course in which the basic principles of human anatomy and physiology are presented in an integrated fashion. This course covers anatomical terminology, basic organic chemistry, histology, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular and nervous systems. Both BIOL 430 and BIOL 431 must be taken to study all of the major organ systems.

BIOL 431 Anatomy and Physiology

Units:5
Hours:54 hours LEC; 108 hours LAB
Prerequisite:BIOL 430 with a grade of "C" or better
Transferable:CSU; UC (1) BIOL 300, 307 and 310 combined: maximum transfer credit is one course; no credit for BIOL 300 and 307 if taken after BIOL 400, 420, 430, or 431)
General Education:CSU Area B2; CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5B; IGETC Area 5C
C-ID:Part of C-ID BIOL 115S
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This is the second course in a two-course sequence, and is an introductory course in which the basic principles of human anatomy and physiology are presented in an integrated fashion. This course covers the cardiovascular, respiratory, lymphatic/immune, digestive, urinary, endocrine and reproductive systems. Both BIOL 430 and BIOL 431 must be taken to study all of the major organ systems.

BIOL 439 Human Cadaver Dissection

Units:1
Hours:12 hours LEC; 18 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Advisory:BIOL 420 or 430 with a grade of "C" or better
Transferable:CSU; UC
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

The Human Cadaver Dissection course is a one-unit, intensive course for nursing, medical, physical therapy, sonography, chiropractic, or other health-related majors. Using a regional approach, students will study the structure of the human body through the dissection of cadavers. Students will gain experience in dissection techniques, more fully understand relationships between organs, and discuss physiological concepts as they pertain to anatomy. Maintaining a detailed lab notebook is an integral part of the course. This course may be taken one time for credit.

BIOL 440 General Microbiology

Units:4
Hours:54 hours LEC; 72 hours LAB
Prerequisite:CHEM 305, 309, or 400 with a grade of "C" or better
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; CSU Area B3; IGETC Area 5B; IGETC Area 5C
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course introduces the concepts of microbiology with an emphasis on forms, modes of growth, cell specialization, mutual, commensal and parasitic relationships of bacteria, fungi, molds, protozoans and viruses. Topics will be correlated with medical and health applications to animals and human beings.

BIOL 485 Honors Seminar in Genetics

Same As:HONOR 385
Units:3
Hours:54 hours LEC
Prerequisite:None.
Transferable:CSU; UC
General Education:AA/AS Area IV; CSU Area B2; IGETC Area 5B
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course offers honors students the opportunity to study, critique, and discuss advanced topics in genetics such as genetically modified foods, whole-genome rapid sequencing, gene therapies for human disease, and a variety of reproductive technologies. Furthermore, this course includes the study of Mendelian inheritance, the roles of chromosomes and genes in human disease, how genes direct development, the relationship between genes, environment and behavior, and the contribution of genes to human diversity. Students will engage with each other to discuss ethical, legal and social issues during class discussions, and analyze scientific literature in written reports. Enrollment is limited to Honors students. Details about the Honors Program can be found in the Catalog and on the CRC website. This course is the same as HONOR 385. This course, under either name, may be taken a total of one time for credit.

BIOL 495 Independent Studies in Biology

Units:1 - 3
Hours:54 - 162 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Transferable:CSU
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

BIOL 498 Work Experience in Biology

Units:0.5 - 4
Hours:27 - 216 hours LAB
Prerequisite:None.
Enrollment Limitation:Students must be in a paid or unpaid internship, volunteer position or job related to career goals in Biology.
Transferable:CSU
General Education:AA/AS Area III(b)
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This course provides students with opportunities to develop marketable skills in preparation for employment in their major field of study or advancement within their career. It is designed for students interested in work experience and/or internships in transfer level degree occupational programs. Course content includes understanding the application of education to the workforce; completion of required forms which document the student's progress and hours spent at the work site; and developing workplace skills and competencies. Appropriate level learning objectives are established by the student and the employer. During the semester, the student is required to participate in a weekly orientation and complete 27 hours of related work experience for 0.5 unit. An additional 27 hours of related work experience is required for each additional 0.5 units. Students may take up to 16 units total across all Work Experience course offerings. This course may be taken up to four times when there are new or expanded learning objectives. Only one Work Experience course may be taken per semester.

BIOL 499 Experimental Offering in Biology

Units:0.5 - 4
Prerequisite:None.
Transferable:CSU; UC (Credit for variable topics courses is given only after a review of the scope and content of the course by the enrolling UC campus.)
Catalog Date:August 1, 2024

This is the experimental courses description.

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Biology

Overview

Degrees Offered

Associate Degrees for Transfer

A.S.-T. in Biology

Associate Degrees

A.S. in Biology: Pre-Nursing Option

A.S. in Biology

A.S. in General Science

Biology (BIOL) Courses

BIOL 100 Introduction to Concepts of Human Anatomy and Physiology

BIOL 102 Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

BIOL 295 Independent Studies in Biology

BIOL 299 Experimental Offering in Biology

BIOL 300 The Foundations of Biology

BIOL 307 Biology of Organisms

BIOL 308 Contemporary Biology

BIOL 309 Contemporary Biology Laboratory

BIOL 310 General Biology

BIOL 342 The New Plagues: New and Ancient Infectious Diseases Threatening World Health

BIOL 350 Environmental Biology

BIOL 352 Conservation Biology

BIOL 400 Principles of Biology

BIOL 410 Principles of Botany

BIOL 420 Principles of Zoology

BIOL 430 Anatomy and Physiology

BIOL 431 Anatomy and Physiology

BIOL 439 Human Cadaver Dissection

BIOL 440 General Microbiology

BIOL 485 Honors Seminar in Genetics

BIOL 495 Independent Studies in Biology

BIOL 498 Work Experience in Biology

BIOL 499 Experimental Offering in Biology

Biology - Field Studies (BIOLFS) Courses